<dependency>
  <groupId>com.gitlab.klamonte</groupId>
  <artifactId>jexer</artifactId>
  <version>1.6.0</version>
</dependency>
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import jexer.TApplication;

// 1 创建一个继承TApplication的类，然后new出来运行run方法就有界面了
public class MyApplication extends TApplication {

    public MyApplication() throws Exception {
        super(BackendType.XTERM);

        // 2 可以添加一些预定义好的menu
        addToolMenu();
        addFileMenu();
        addWindowMenu();
    }

    public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception {
        MyApplication app = new MyApplication();
        app.run();
    }
}
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public class MyApplication extends TApplication {
    public MyApplication() throws Exception {
        super(BackendType.XTERM);
        // window的参数依次是标题，x，y，width，height，和flag
        // 这里HIDEENCONSLE是点击关闭后不销毁窗口，而是hide隐藏。
        this.addWindow("title", 10, 0, 30, 30, TWindow.HIDEONCLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception {
        MyApplication app = new MyApplication();
        app.run();
    }
}
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...
    this.addWindow("title1", 10, 0, 30, 30, TWindow.HIDEONCLOSE);
    this.addWindow("title2", 20, 10, 30, 30, TWindow.HIDEONCLOSE);
...
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...
        TWindow window = this.addWindow("title", 10, 0, 30, 30, TWindow.HIDEONCLOSE);

        // 在第1,1位置添加name文本，占1,1 -> 1,5的坐标
        window.addLabel("name", 1, 1);
        // 在8,1处放置一个长度为20的输入框，离前面label3个字的距离，
        TField name = window.addField(8, 1, 20, true);

        // 在1,3位置放置gender文本，然后在右边放置combox性别二选一
        window.addLabel("gender", 1, 3);
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("male");
        list.add("famale");
        TComboBox gender = window.addComboBox(8, 3, 20, list, 0, 1);

        // 在第1,5位置放置age文本，并在右侧放置文本输入框。
        window.addLabel("age", 1, 5);
        TField age = window.addField(8, 5, 20, true);

        // 第7行放置skills并在第8、9行放置两个技能checkbox
        window.addLabel("skills", 1, 7);
        TCheckBox cpp = window.addCheckBox(1, 8, "c++", false);
        TCheckBox java = window.addCheckBox(1, 9, "java", false);

        // 在最后面放置日志Text，提交后这个text打印提交内容
        TText log = window.addText("", 0, 14, 30, 10);
        // 在表达后面添加提交按钮，提交后触发打印
        window.addButton("submit", 8, 12, new TAction() {
            @Override
            public void DO() {
                log.setText(String.format("sumbitted! your info: name=%s, gender=%s, age=%s, skills=%s",
                        name.getText(), gender.getText(), age.getText(),
                        "" + (cpp.isChecked() ? "cpp" : "") + (java.isChecked() ? "java" : "")));
            }
        });

        // 焦点设置到第一个输入框
        name.activate();
...
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public class Test extends TApplication {
    TWindow mainWindow;

    public Test() throws Exception {
        super(BackendType.XTERM);
        TWindow window = this.addWindow("title", 10, 0, 30, 30, TWindow.HIDEONCLOSE);
        window.addLabel("name", 1, 1);
        TField name = window.addField(8, 1, 20, true);

        window.addLabel("gender", 1, 3);
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("male");
        list.add("famale");
        TComboBox gender = window.addComboBox(8, 3, 20, list, 0, 1, new TAction() {
            @Override
            public void DO() {
            }
        });

        window.addLabel("age", 1, 5);
        TField age = window.addField(8, 5, 20, true);

        window.addLabel("skills", 1, 7);
        TCheckBox cpp = window.addCheckBox(1, 8, "c++", false);
        TCheckBox java = window.addCheckBox(1, 9, "java", false);

        TText log = window.addText("", 0, 14, 30, 10);

        window.addButton("submit", 8, 12, new TAction() {
            @Override
            public void DO() {
                log.setText(String.format("sumbitted! your info: name=%s, gender=%s, age=%s, skills=%s",
                        name.getText(), gender.getText(), age.getText(),
                        "" + (cpp.isChecked() ? "cpp" : "") + (java.isChecked() ? "java" : "")));
            }
        });

        name.activate();

        TMenu menu = this.addMenu("menu");
        menu.addItem(1001, "open");
        menu.addItem(1002, "exit");
        this.mainWindow = window;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean onMenu(TMenuEvent menu) {
        switch (menu.getId()) {
            case 1001:
                this.mainWindow.show();
                break;
            case 1002:
                this.exit();
            default:
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Test app = new Test();
        app.run();
    }
}
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TMenu menu = this.addMenu("&menu");
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use crossterm::{
    event::{self, KeyCode, KeyEventKind},
    terminal::{disable_raw_mode, enable_raw_mode, EnterAlternateScreen, LeaveAlternateScreen},
    ExecutableCommand,
};
use ratatui::{
    prelude::{CrosstermBackend, Stylize, Terminal},
    style::Color,
    widgets::{Block, Borders, Paragraph},
};
use std::io::{stdout, Result};

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // 第一部分：“擦黑板”，准备工作就是将终端的内容替换成一块新的屏幕，并清理屏幕
    stdout().execute(EnterAlternateScreen)?;
    // raw_mode就是中端进入空白模式，输入输出键盘等指令全都不好使
    enable_raw_mode()?;
    let mut terminal = Terminal::new(CrosstermBackend::new(stdout()))?;
    terminal.clear()?;

    // 第二部分：“黑板写字”，在黑板上写东西，注意是个死循环，使用的是每一帧都全量刷新的模式
    loop {
        terminal.draw(|frame| {
            let area = frame.size();
            frame.render_widget(
                Paragraph::new("Hello Ratatui! (press 'q' to quit)")
                    .bg(Color::Yellow)
                    .fg(Color::LightRed)
                    .block(Block::default().blue().borders(Borders::ALL)),
                area,
            );
        })?;

        if event::poll(std::time::Duration::from_millis(16))? {
            if let event::Event::Key(key) = event::read()? {
                if key.kind == KeyEventKind::Press && key.code == KeyCode::Char('q') {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // 第三部分：“擦黑板退出到原来”
    stdout().execute(LeaveAlternateScreen)?;
    disable_raw_mode()?;
    Ok(())
}
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pub fn render_widget<W: Widget>(&mut self, widget: W, area: Rect)
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// Rect::new(x, y, width, height)
let area = Rect::new(0,0,100,100); // 指定一个100x100的区域，左上角是顶格

// 一个已知的area可以通过x y width height left() top()..等获取各项数值。
// 例如位于屏幕中央长宽各一半的写法如下图
let area = frame.size();
let area = Rect::new(
    area.width / 4,
    area.height / 4,
    area.width / 2,
    area.height / 2,
);
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// 先横向按照5:5分左右两区域
let hareas = Layout::new(
    ratatui::layout::Direction::Horizontal,
    vec![Constraint::Percentage(50), Constraint::Percentage(50)],
)
.split(frame.size());

// 对左侧再上下5:5分上下区域
let left_areas = Layout::new(
    ratatui::layout::Direction::Vertical,
    vec![Constraint::Percentage(50), Constraint::Percentage(50)],
)
.split(hareas[0]);

// 对右侧再上下5:5分上下区域
let right_areas = Layout::new(
    ratatui::layout::Direction::Vertical,
    vec![Constraint::Percentage(50), Constraint::Percentage(50)],
)
.split(hareas[1]);


// 这样就分了四个象限，可以分别去draw东西

frame.render_widget(
    some_widget,
    left_areas[0],
);

frame.render_widget(
    some_widget,
    left_areas[1],
);

frame.render_widget(
    some_widget,
    right_areas[0],
);

frame.render_widget(
    some_widget,
    right_areas[1],
);
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Block::default()
    // 标题的位置是上方，内容是title，对齐是居中
    .title_top("title")
    .title_alignment(ratatui::layout::Alignment::Center)
    // 边框是上左右三边，样式是白色，圆角边框
    .borders(Borders::LEFT | Borders::RIGHT | Borders::TOP)
    .border_style(Style::default().fg(Color::White))
    .border_type(BorderType::Rounded)
    // 整个block是蓝色背景
    .style(Style::default().bg(Color::Blue))
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Paragraph::new("Hello Ratatui! (press 'q' to quit)")
        .bg(Color::Yellow)
        .fg(Color::LightRed)
        .block(Block::default().blue().borders(Borders::ALL)),
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let list = List::new(items)
    .block(Block::default().title("List").borders(Borders::ALL))
    .highlight_style(Style::new().add_modifier(Modifier::REVERSED))
    .highlight_symbol(">")
    .repeat_highlight_symbol(true);

frame.render_stateful_widget(list, Rect::new(0, 0, 40, 40), &mut state);
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package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"

	tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"
)

type model struct {
	cursor   int
	choices  []string
	selected map[int]struct{}
}

func initialModel() model {
	return model{
		choices: []string{"Buy carrots", "Buy celery", "Buy kohlrabi"},

		// A map which indicates which choices are selected. We're using
		// the map like a mathematical set. The keys refer to the indexes
		// of the `choices` slice, above.
		selected: make(map[int]struct{}),
	}
}

func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd {
	return nil
}

func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
	switch msg := msg.(type) {
	case tea.KeyMsg:
		switch msg.String() {
		case "ctrl+c", "q":
			return m, tea.Quit
		case "up", "k":
			if m.cursor > 0 {
				m.cursor--
			}
		case "down", "j":
			if m.cursor < len(m.choices)-1 {
				m.cursor++
			}
		case "enter", " ":
			_, ok := m.selected[m.cursor]
			if ok {
				delete(m.selected, m.cursor)
			} else {
				m.selected[m.cursor] = struct{}{}
			}
		}
	}

	return m, nil
}

func (m model) View() string {
	s := "What should we buy at the market?\n\n"

	for i, choice := range m.choices {
		cursor := " "
		if m.cursor == i {
			cursor = ">"
		}

		checked := " "
		if _, ok := m.selected[i]; ok {
			checked = "x"
		}

		s += fmt.Sprintf("%s [%s] %s\n", cursor, checked, choice)
	}

	s += "\nPress q to quit.\n"

	return s
}

func main() {
	p := tea.NewProgram(initialModel())
	if _, err := p.Run(); err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Alas, there's been an error: %v", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
}
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type CustomMsg int

func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd {
	return func() tea.Msg {
		timer := time.NewTimer(3 * time.Second)
		<-timer.C
		return CustomMsg(0)
	}
}
func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
	switch msg := msg.(type) {
	case CustomMsg:
		if msg == 0 {
			return m, tea.Quit
		}
		return m, nil
    }
    return m, nil
}
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func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd {
	return func() tea.Msg {
		return CustomMsg(0)
	}
}
func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
	switch msg := msg.(type) {
	case CustomMsg:
		if msg == 0 {
			return m, func() tea.Msg {
				timer := time.NewTimer(3 * time.Second)
				<-timer.C
				return CustomMsg(1)
			}
		} else if msg == 1 {
			return m, tea.Quit
		}
		return m, nil
    }
    return m, nil
}
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package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"

	"github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles/textarea"
	"github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles/viewport"
	tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"
)

func main() {
	tea.NewProgram(initialModel()).Run()
}

type model struct {
	viewport viewport.Model
	messages []string
	textarea textarea.Model
}

func initialModel() model {
	ta := textarea.New()
	ta.Placeholder = "Send a message..."
	ta.Focus()

	ta.Prompt = "┃ "
	ta.CharLimit = 280

	ta.SetWidth(30)
	ta.SetHeight(3)

	ta.ShowLineNumbers = false

	vp := viewport.New(30, 5)
	vp.SetContent(`Welcome!`)

	ta.KeyMap.InsertNewline.SetEnabled(false)

	return model{
		textarea: ta,
		messages: []string{},
		viewport: vp,
	}
}

func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd {
	return textarea.Blink
}

func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
	var (
		tiCmd tea.Cmd
		vpCmd tea.Cmd
	)
	m.textarea, tiCmd = m.textarea.Update(msg)
	m.viewport, vpCmd = m.viewport.Update(msg)
	switch msg := msg.(type) {
	case tea.KeyMsg:
		switch msg.Type {
		case tea.KeyCtrlC, tea.KeyEsc:
			fmt.Println(m.textarea.Value())
			return m, tea.Quit
		case tea.KeyEnter:
			m.messages = append(m.messages, "You: "+m.textarea.Value())
			m.viewport.SetContent(strings.Join(m.messages, "\n"))
			m.textarea.Reset()
			m.viewport.GotoBottom()
		}
	}
	return m, tea.Batch(tiCmd, vpCmd)
}

func (m model) View() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s",
		m.viewport.View(),
		m.textarea.View(),
	)
}
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import "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"

var style = lipgloss.NewStyle().
    Bold(true).
    Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#FAFAFA")).
    Background(lipgloss.Color("#7D56F4")).
    PaddingTop(2).
    PaddingLeft(4).
    Width(22)

....

func (m model) View() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s",
		style.Render(m.viewport.View()),
		m.textarea.View(),
	)
}
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func (m model) View() string {
	return lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, style.Render(m.viewport.View()), m.textarea.View())
}
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